Place preference test is experimental animals (rat, mouse) in the conditioned place preference box gray observation area, and to give psychological dependence medications (such as morphine), and then observe the animals conditioned place preference box in gray between the activities of the region and the black and white color area and the gray area, black and white color area and the gray area where free shuttle wickets for animals. Experiment is a classic experimental model for evaluating drug psychological dependence. Applied drug, pharmacology, toxicology, learning and memory / dementia, drug development / screening / evaluation, preventive medicine, scientific research neurobiology, animal psychology, behavioral biology, and other disciplines. Click here to company Sales sending a message, we will promptly reply to you rats position technical parameters ZH-DSX1 type preference box Instructions Unit: Anhui is China Biological Equipment Co., Ltd. Address: Suixi Huaibei City, Anhui Province Economic Development Zone on the 17th Avenue Magnolia phone : 0561-6062307 Postcode: 235100 Fax: 0561-6061044 http://www.6062307.com ZH-DSX1 rat place preference box an overview place preference test is experimental animals (rats, mice) is placed Conditioned place preference box gray observation area, and to give psychological dependence drugs (such as morphine), laboratory animals and then observe the activities of the conditioned place preference box in gray areas and black and white color area and the gray area, black and white color area between and among the gray zone wickets for animals free shuttle. Experiment is a classic experimental model for evaluating drug psychological dependence. Applied drug, pharmacology, toxicology, studying science and memory / dementia, drug development / screening / evaluation, preventive medicine, neurobiology, animal psychology, behavioral biology, and other disciplines. Second, the technical parameters about box dimensions are: 30.5 × 25 × 32 intermediate box length: 11 × 25 × 32 Total size: 72 × 25 × 32 display: digital display digits: 6 show a decimal, unit: second button three : 2 start key, a box is cleared preference: box, black box Third, use the mouse into the middle of the area, observe the animal is to light box or black box, such as into the next box press the timing of key electrical light box, At this time starts counting light box open, the time in seconds, return to the middle of the box when the mouse is automatically stopped when the instrument in mind, when the mouse into the camera obscura, camera obscura will remember when. Fourth, the experimental examples: Intracerebroventricular administration of scopolamine on morphine conditioned place preference in rats Effects of long-term use of opioids can lead to opioid addiction, mainly to produce physical and psychological dependence. I found room nonselective muscarinic (M) receptor antagonist scopolamine can block morphine dependent rats naloxone withdrawal symptoms, but also reduce the tolerance to morphine [1]. In self-administration of scopolamine and respond to intravenous morphine macaques restoration experiment found to reduce scopolamine morphine intravenously administered macaque own pedal response rate and overall strengthening times [2]. These showed that scopolamine morphine can reduce physical and psychological dependence. Conditioned place preference test is a method for the evaluation of drug psychological dependence, this experiment injection of different doses of scopolamine through the lateral ventricles trace observed on morphine conditioned place preference, to explore the role of scopolamine in the treatment of opiate psychological dependence in ??? 1 Materials and Methods 1.1 Animals SD rats, male, weighing 220 ~ 250g, provided (clean grade) by the Shanghai Experimental Animal Center, housed separately, given free access to food, water. 1.2 Reagents morphine hydrochloride injection by the Shenyang first pharmaceutical production (lot 980401), scopolamine hydrobromide powder from Guangzhou tenth pharmaceutical production (lot 961101). 1.3 stereotactic rat lateral ventricle of rats with pentobarbital sodium (40mg.kg-1) after intraperitoneal injection of anesthesia on a fixed three-dimensional positioning system (ZH- Lansing BI Huaibei Zhenghua production), after fully exposed skull, reference stereotaxic rat brain atlas [3], the use of flat skull, posterior fontanelle former 10mm, midline 1.5mm, buried Zhi stainless steel casing depth 3mm, with 502 dental cement glue and fixed. Postoperative recovery 1wk more experimental rats. 1.4 morphine conditioned place preference method to establish the position of preference by the black box and white plexiglass box Interchange composition, the size of 30.5 × 25 × 32cm, animal experiments period 6d, black when time training (training before 5d, and white box separated by the baffle), d6 place preference test animals. Rats every day, afternoon subcutaneous injection once, twice at intervals of 8h, one of which is morphine 10mg.kg-1, another given normal saline. After morphine injection, the rats were placed in a white box, to after saline rats were placed in the black box, each staying in the tank 50min. d6 mobile platform placed between the black and white box, so that rats can move freely in the black box. Experiments were carried out in the entire temperature, humidity and light relatively constant environment. Test, the rats were placed on a black and white box in the middle platform, rats were recorded within 15min residence time in the black and white box. 1.5 intracerebroventricular microinjection of testing before d6 30min, using a micro syringe inserted into the ventricle cannula (needle is exposed in the casing 1mm), scopolamine 10μl (diluted with saline, scopolamine doses of 10,20,40,80μg) or saline. After the entire end of the experiment, rats were anesthetized with 4% paraformaldehyde perfusion fixation brain, taking into account the injection site comprises a thickness of about 5mm brain tissue blocks, frozen sections were observed intracerebroventricular positioning is accurate, if not accurate The rat data discarded. 1.6 Statistical analysis of data using each group ± s; between the two groups with t test for statistical analysis. Table 1 within 15min rat lateral ventricle injection of different doses of scopolamine on morphine conditioned place preference Effects of (+ s, n = 6) groups in time to stay in the white box / s saline scopolamine 850 ± 40 871 ± 10μg group 33 scopolamine 20μg group 598 ± 52 * scopolamine 40μg group 450 ± 93 * △ scopolamine 80μg group 449 ± 86 * △ with the saline group * P <0.01; and scopolamine 20μg group △ P0.05). 80μg was no significant difference in the results compared with 40μg group. 3 Discussion morphine conditioned place preference test is one of the strengthening effects of the drug experimentally studied. The experiment was set up by training the animals in a particular specific relationship with the drug reward Environmental Response, which directly reflects the spirit of drug dependence potential. From the neuroanatomical basis of drug reward response point of view, the mesolimbic dopamine system plays an important role, especially in the ventral tegmental area and the nucleus accumbens, the area is a dopamine nerve endings where the body and the site is also a morphine reward Cellular one of the sites of critical reaction. The study found that morphine and other opioids does not act directly on the dopamine neurons, but by the middle of the excitement μ receptor GABA neurons, inhibition of the neuronal activity, thereby releasing GABA neurons to dopamine neurons tonic inhibition , thereby activating the ventral tegmental area dopamine neurons, so that the projected target of the nucleus accumbens dopamine release is increased. In addition, other brain regions such as the hippocampus and hypothalamus and other parts of enkephalin and periaqueductal gray of β_ endorphin pathways are also involved in the strengthening effect of opioid [4]. This study found that scopolamine intracerebroventricular microinjection of in a certain dose range can effectively reduce morphine conditioned place preference, which may be related to scopolamine acts on the nerve pathway, our lab found that scopolamine can regulate morphine-dependent rats hypothalamus Yuan β_ endorphin secretion [5], scopolamine on the ventral tegmental area and the nucleus accumbens dopamine release of the mechanism will help further study. Another reported after scopolamine as a non-selective muscarinic (M) receptor antagonist injected ventricle or hippocampus, because of its central role in a wide range of M receptor antagonist, will slow learning, memory retention decreased [6]. Whether scopolamine induced a significant reduction morphine conditioned place preference related to learning and memory, further research needs to be experimental. In this study, intracerebroventricular microinjection of scopolamine (20,40,80μg) can effectively reduce the effects of morphine conditioned place preference, suggesting that scopolamine could reduce the potential for morphine psychological dependence. V. Note: a) Hold the instrument upside down and side-stress, collisions. b) the instrument should be kept clean, it should be placed in a dry place. c) Turn off the power immediately after the end of the experiment and the experimental box clean, dry it back in place. d) instrument with a damp cloth to wipe, do not use organic solvents, otherwise it will damage the instrument surface appearance. Sixth, equipment maintenance: 1 year warranty period: The Company is a professional company with high standards of quality of the product for a one-year warranty, lifetime maintenance of equipment, is one of the following the introduction of fee repair , only charge material cost. a. The warranty period has expired b. Damage due to improper care or failure to transport the specification requirements for the operation, maintenance and damaged. c. Natural disasters, power failures and other damage caused by force majeure. d. Without our permission, users disassemble or repair damage caused. e. For hair back to my company for maintenance, freight borne by both parties. f. The companies with manufacturing and material quality of the product will be within 12 months of free maintenance and replacement. 2, the warranty conditions: The company sells products, installation, service does not authorize anyone. Any special circumstances sales, installation, service or willful damage caused by outside do not give warranty. It does not guarantee that the instrument can be applied to any particular project. Rats location ZH-DSX1 preference box packing list No. Name Quantity 1 preference preference box casing 1 sets 2 1 3 control box electrical wire a power line 1 4 5 6 Pledge Instructions 1 1 1 7 certificate Anhui is China a biological Equipment Co., Ltd. Address: Anhui Huaibei City Suixi Magnolia Avenue, Economic and Technological Development Zone on the 17th Tel: 0561-6062307 Fax: 0561-6061044 E-mail: zhwhp@126.com ah-zhenghua@sohu.com http://www.6062307.com